Practical – 155 : Perform basic operations using built-in modules and tools

✅ 1. Using the math Module

Performs mathematical operations.

import math

print(“Square root of 16:”, math.sqrt(16))

print(“Value of pi:”, math.pi)

print(“5 raised to power 3:”, math.pow(5, 3))

🔍 Analysis:

• sqrt() returns the square root.
• math.pi provides the constant π.
• pow(x, y) gives x to the power y.

✅ 2. Using the datetime Module

Works with dates and times.

import datetime

today = datetime.date.today()

print(“Today’s date:”, today)

now = datetime.datetime.now()

print(“Current time:”, now.strftime(“%H:%M:%S”))

🔍 Analysis:

• date.today() gets current date.
• datetime.now() gets date + time.
• strftime() formats output.

✅ 3. Using the random Module

Generates random numbers.

import random

print(“Random number between 1 and 10:”, random.randint(1, 10))

print(“Random choice from list:”, random.choice([‘red’, ‘green’, ‘blue’]))

🔍 Analysis:

• randint(a, b) returns a random integer between a and b.
• choice() selects a random item from a list.

✅ 4. Using the os Module

Interacts with the operating system.

import os

print(“Current working directory:”, os.getcwd())

print(“List of files:”, os.listdir())

🔍 Analysis:

• getcwd() gets the current working directory.
• listdir() lists files in that directory.

✅ 5. Using the sys Module

Accesses system-specific parameters.

import sys

print(“Python version:”, sys.version)

print(“Script name:”, sys.argv[0])

🔍 Analysis:

• sys.version shows Python version.
• sys.argv contains command-line arguments.

✅ Summary of Tools and Use Cases

Module	Common Use
math	Math functions (sqrt, pi, pow)
datetime	Get and format date/time
random	Random numbers, shuffling, sampling
os	File system and environment info
sys	Python interpreter and script args